During an acute asthma attack, what is the priority intervention?

• A. Place patient in Trendelenburg
• B. Do nothing
• C. Administer intravenous fluids only
• D. Administer a rapid-acting bronchodilator and provide oxygen as needed

Answer: (D)

In an acute asthma attack, the immediate goal is to rapidly relieve airway constriction and improve oxygenation. A rapid-acting bronchodilator, such as albuterol, quickly relaxes the smooth muscle around the airways, opening them and reducing wheeze and work of breathing. Providing oxygen as needed helps correct hypoxemia and ensures adequate oxygen delivery to tissues. Together, these address the two main urgent problems: bronchospasm and low oxygen levels. Positioning or doing nothing won’t improve airflow or oxygenation, and giving IV fluids alone doesn’t relieve bronchospasm or correct hypoxemia. After initial relief, reassess and escalate therapy if the response is incomplete.