Why are IV fluids given before spinal anesthesia?

• A. To prevent maternal hypotension
• B. To hydrate the fetus
• C. To speed onset of anesthesia
• D. To reduce bleeding risk

Answer: (A)

Spinal anesthesia can lower blood pressure because the sympathetic nerves are blocked, causing vasodilation and pooling of blood in the lower body. Giving IV fluids before the block increases circulating volume, helping maintain venous return to the heart and keep blood pressure from dropping. This supports stable maternal hemodynamics and helps preserve placental blood flow for the fetus. Hydration of the fetus, faster onset of anesthesia, or reduced bleeding risk aren’t the primary effects of preloading with IV fluids.